conditions in which authoritarian states emerged

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Discuss with reference to two authoritarian states. -Political instability. 81-82 - What events and influences caused him to adopt an increasingly Communist position? (Nov 06), To what extent was the rise to power of either Hitler or Mao due to personal appeal and ability? Separately, Chinas envoy to the EU, Fu Cong, said in an interview published on Monday that Beijings cooperation with Europe and other nations was endless, just as its ties with Russia were unlimited. Advances in the technology of killing included the use of poison gas. To probe the potential political consequences of the pandemic for authoritarian regimes, it is useful to look more closely at why many have fallen short in their responses to the coronavirus. of three authoritarian states should be studied. ROMAN CATHOLICISM= official state religion of Italy, Authoritarian control was never completely achieved bc M had to SHARE power with TRADITIONAL italian groups such as the monarchy and the catholic church. The Fascists craved revolution and total power, but instead found they had to cooperate with different, mostly conservative political parties. This topic focuses on exploring the conditions that facilitated the rise of authoritarian states in the 20th century, as well as the methods used by parties and leaders to take and maintain power. (Bay of Pigs; Cuban Missile Crisis). Will the Invasion of Ukraine Change Russia-Africa Relations? In some ways, their actions were like experiments, pushing the boundaries of authoritarian rule to see what they could get away with. The Fascists, led by Mussolini, formed a street-fighting group called the Blackshirts to support the landowners. The conditions in which authoritarian states emerged were mainly determined by economic factors.. This is not war, one wounded soldier wrote home. Fascists portrayed the war as Italy's "civilizing mission" or the need for "military security". Compare and contrast the conditions that led to the rise to power of two authoritarian/single-party leaders. He used authoritarian tactics to solidify communist control of the Soviet Union. But we can also see similarities in the ways that they emerged. Photo of Mussolini and Hitler standing next to each other, each dressed in their military uniforms. If you're seeing this message, it means we're having trouble loading external resources on our website. Adolf Hitler. 'The conditions in which authoritarian states emerged were mainly determined by. It's obvious to usnowthat the rise of authoritarianism, including fascism, was paving the way for leaders in many countries to command the obedience of whole populations, even when these leaders began to order the killing of civilians. Among his achievements was the creation of organizations designed to make children grow up to be good Fascists. What impact did this have? HL/SL: World History topic 10: Authoritarian States (20th Century) Fascism is a political ideology that emphasizes the importance of the nation-state, while Nazism is a specific form of fascism that is based on the belief in racial superiority. The governments of Algeria, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Burundi, Eritrea, Equatorial Guinea, Iran, Nicaragua, Russia, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Turkey, Turkmenistan, and Zimbabwe, for example, have displayed serious shortcomings in confronting the coronavirus, shortcomings that often reflect core features of their authoritarian governance. (May 08 TZ2), Analyse the methods used and the conditions which helped in the rise to power of one ruler of a single-party state. Difference Between Totalitarianism, Authoritarianism, Fascism - ThoughtCo Aftermath of World War I and the Rise of Nazism, 1918-1933 How consistent was this vision to Cuba in reality? Conditions in which authoritarian states emerged: economic factors; social . Unpopular or tyrannical governments. Within Italy, Mussolini promoted the ideas of. This topic focuses on exploring the conditions that facilitated the rise of authoritarian states in the 20th century, as well as the methods used by parties and leaders to take and maintain power. What distinguished Italian Fascism from Nazisms biological view of race? Of the many fascist states that emerged between the two world wars, Hitler's Germany was the most notoriousbut Mussolini's Italy was the first. The result was a state that, while authoritarian, was never really totalitarian within the territory of Italy. - Discuss this view, with reference to two authoritarian states you have studied from different regions. The Rise of Democratic and Authoritarian POST - States: the Case of A totalitarian regime has a highly centralized system of government that requires strict obedience. The conditions in which authoritarian states emerged were mainly (May 07), It was personality and not circumstances that brought rulers of single-party states to power. To what extent do you agree with this statement? (May 2007, May 2005), It was personality and not circumstances that brought rulers of single-party states to power. To what extent do you agree with this statement? The independent sovereign nations that emerged after the fall of the former Soviet Union "don't have effective status under international law because there is not an international agreement . The EUs top diplomat, Josep Borrell, said the bloc would reassess and recalibrate our strategy towards China, adding that foreign ministers would discuss Lus statements as part of planned EU talks on China on Monday. 97- - How did Castro deal with the media? 100 Raoul Wallenberg Place, SW Through violence, they had become what one historian called, "a. He also supported the brutal suppression of anti-colonial resistance in Libya. They work together. Due to the forced signing of the treaty, there . As a result of Mussolini's compromises, conservative and liberal elements within the state blocked most revolutionary goals of Fascism. These problems range from refusals to recognize the severity of the problem to the suppression of valuable domestic voices or sources of information, disorganized policy responses, and unwillingness to maintain the lockdown measures that would safeguard their populations. The author argues that Italian Fascism never gained the level of totalitarian control the Nazis had in Germany. Italian fascism emerged in the economic crisis of the 1920s and 1930s. Standards of behavior were changing. Direct link to 121931's post How was authoritarianism , Posted 2 years ago. Battle for Lira: Fail (tried to revalue Lira but artificially raised value which resulted in declining exports), -Breeders Of course, some democracies have struggled with some or all of these challenges in their pandemic responses. "The conditions in which authoritarian states emerged were mainly determined by economic factors." Discuss with reference to two authoritarian states. Four key weaknesses are manifest. HITLER [speaking German]: How did Japanese leaders justify Japans imperial expansion? In Weimar Germany they thrived' - Condon What did this demonstrate about. -Tried to limit Hitler's powers as chancellor in 1932. - Outline Castro's health and education policies. IB2 History/ Susanna Soininen Effective national public health responses to the pandemic require not just clear, consistent mandates from the top, but integrated approaches in which regional and local authorities can take initiative, adapt responses to local conditions, and report critical information up the line. Despite the cutting-edge manipulative tactics and tricks of many authoritarian regimes, they are not immune from what is perhaps the central political imperative of this century: the steadily rising demands of citizens almost everywhere for capable, effective governance. Inflation was threatening the living standards of all Cubans, rising to 40% a year for foodstuffs whilst pay levels stagnated. Asked if China stood behind the envoys remarks, the foreign ministrys spokesperson Mao Ning said China had been one of the first countries to establish diplomatic relations with former Soviet states. Colonial aggression also contributed to the rise of Italian racism. In fact, the German military had quietly sought an end to the war it could no longer win in 1918. TTY: 202.488.0406, To view this video please enable JavaScript, and consider upgrading to a web browser that, Guidelines for Teaching About the Holocaust, Aftermath of World War I and the Rise of Nazism, 19181933, World War II and the Holocaust, 19391945, Holocaust Survivors and Victims Resource Center. In 1938 Mussolini published a "Manifesto of Fascist Racism." Key Weaknesses Plaguing Authoritarians. Analyse the conditions that enabledoneleft-wing leader to become the ruler of a single-party state. Many authoritarian and authoritarian-leaning governments have not responded well to the pandemic. Authoritarian Weaknesses and the Pandemic - Carnegie Endowment for In 1949-58, 75% of all imports came from the USA; 65% of all exports went to the USA. First and foremost is a penchant for feeble rather than decisive leadership. PDF Syllabus and Course Outline - St. Louis Public Schools NARRATOR: The EU is an important trading partner for China as it reboots its economy after three years of zero-Covid. PPTX What is an Authoritarian State? - Weebly Mao - Vocab - Google Docs One senior EU diplomat said the EU needed to do better in handling relations with China and find a unified line. By using this website, you agree to our cookie policy. Economic Crisis. The Nazi Party gained broad support, including many in the middle classintellectuals, civil servants, students, professionals, shopkeepers and clerks ruined by the Depression. Unsurprisingly, the economic conditions in a nation have long played an integral role in the emergence of authoritarian states, with such an idea perfectly illustrated through the establishment of Benito Mussolini's fascist authoritarian state . How long, and how many casualties did it take for the Fascists to defeat the Socialists? The leaders of Tajikistan and Turkmenistan both responded to the arrival of the virus by outright denying its presence in their countries. Behind the popular but simplistic notion that authoritarianism is rising globally lies the fact that the global wave of antigovernment protests over the past ten yearsan historic high in protests around the worldhas hit many nondemocratic regimes hard. It did this by creating states with limited capacity to provide services and police their own territories. DP History: Topic 10: Authoritarian States (20th Century) 87 - How did the US respond to the Cuban Revolution? Last August, he sparked outrage by suggesting Taiwanese people would need to be re-educated following a Chinese takeover of the self-ruled island, while during the Covid pandemic he suggested France was abandoning old people in nursing homes. Conditions in which authoritarian states emerged: economic factors; social division; impact of war; weakness of political system. The pandemic has provided a trigger or opportunity for numerous nondemocratic or illiberal governments to impose new restrictions on civil liberties, persecute opponents, limit protests, delay elections, and introduce new mass surveillance techniques. Ultimately, however, the Fascists were unable to achieve the kind of totalitarian, authoritarian system they had envisioned. The kulaks are just one example. These youth groups fostered a cult of violent masculinity, expected girls to aspire only to traditional maternal roles, and promoted the authoritarian belief of blind loyalty to the nation. The French foreign ministry said Lu would be given a stern rebuke, Germany said Beijing must clarify its stance, and the Czech foreign minister, Jan Lipavsk, described the remarks as totally unacceptable. Conditions in which authoritarian states emerged: economic factors; social division; impact of war; weakness of political system; The Path to Nazi Genocide, NARRATOR: Discuss with reference to two authoritarian leaders. (May 2010), Assess the importance of economic distress and ideological appeal in the rise to power ofoneleft-wing andoneright-wing single-party ruler. Battle for Grain: Success (grow more cereal to cut back on foreign imports) Conditions in which authoritarian states emerged: economic factors; social division; impact of war; weakness of political system, Methods used to establish authoritarian states: persuasion and coercion; the role of leaders; ideology; the use of force; propaganda, Use of legal methods; use of force; charismatic leadership; dissemination of propaganda, Nature, extent and treatment of opposition, The impact of the success and/or failure of foreign policy on the maintenance of power, Aims and impact of domestic economic, political, cultural and social policies, The impact of policies on women and minorities, Authoritarian control and the extent to which it was achieved. - Methods used to establish authoritarian states: persuasion and coercion, the role of leaders, ideology, the use of force, propaganda. Josef Stalin ruled the Soviet Union from the mid-1920s until his death in 1953. Authoritarian Challenges to the Liberal Order - Institute for Global Change Despite Nazi terror and brutal suppression of their opponents, many German citizens willingly accepted or actively supported these extreme measures in favor of order and security. How was Stalin similar to and different from Hitler and Mussolini? 20. But they are a minority in the authoritarian camp, and regimes with relatively successful pandemic responses are not guaranteed to reap political benefits from their actions. These laws defined who had "German" blood and who did not. You should be looking at the title, author, headings, pictures, and opening sentences of paragraphs for the gist. Emergence of authoritarian states Conditions in which authoritarian states emerged: economic factors; social division; impact of war; weakness of political system Methods used to establish authoritarian states: persuasion and coercion; the role of leaders; ideology; the Building Civil Society In Authoritarian China Importance Of . Sign up to receive emails from Carnegies Democracy, Conflict, and Governance Program! Create a potted biography of an authoritarian state identified in the article. mussolini created a dictarship in italy when he was given the position as prime minister, Course: World History Project - 1750 to the Present, World History Project - 1750 to the Present. She has taught at Sonoma State University and Stanford. 89 - How did the USA use economics to try and destabilise Castro? 83 - How did Castro deal with Lanz + Urrutria, and how did this reflect on him as leader? It is the ending of the world. Half of all Frenchmen aged 20 to 32 at wars outbreak were dead when it was over. Compare and contrast the methods used to maintain power in two authoritarian states, each from a different region. EU leaders are expected to discuss China policy in June after a recent trip by Emmanuel Macron exposed differences in approach towards handling Xi Jinpings authoritarian rule. Six people died. If two examples are required these will need to be from different regions. Hitler spoke to the SA, his army of storm troopers. The unstable authoritarian pathway that so many states followed after colonial rule was . CBI opens investigations into suspected misuse of MSEI funds Although not really fascist, these governments were heavily influenced by military and industrial leaders because both sectors wanted Japan to take over territories in Asia. Read and make notes on: (red - conditions; weaknesses of others;black - methods, tactics used by Castro), 63-4 - 1940s Batista's Cuba + Autentico Presidencies. France and the three Baltic states of Estonia, Lithuania and Latvia were among the member states on Monday to summon Chinas envoys to account for the comments made late last week by Lu Shaye, which sparked a wave of outrage across Europe. (modern). He used the jail time to dictate his political ideas in a book,Mein KampfMy Struggle. 88-89 - What other external threats existed? PDF Authoritarian State (Castro) - DocDroid The French president caused anger and alarm when he said Europe needed to avoid getting drawn into a US-China conflict over crises that are not ours, namely the status of Taiwan. Green Politics Could Have an Outsized Impact on Trkiyes Elections, Malcolm H. Kerr Carnegie Middle East Center, Democracy, Conflict, and Governance Program. In recent months Beijing has tried to burnish its relationship with Europe, welcoming a string of European leaders to China. Discuss with refto two authoritarian states. Using the terms fascism and Nazism interchangeably is incorrect because they are not synonyms. The mixed record of authoritarians responses to the coronavirus undercuts any simple conclusion that the pandemic will bolster authoritarianism globally over the long term. High inflation and unemployment. Thus, despite the spike in repressive measures that the coronavirus has produced so far, the medium- to long-term prospects for many authoritarian governments are less certain today than they were before the pandemic hit. The Chinese embassy in Paris issued a formal statement saying Lus comments were not a policy declaration but the expression of personal viewpoints during a television interview. These questions will help you get a better understanding of the concepts and arguments that are presented in the article. 2. But on the whole, these tendencies have been much less marked among democracies compared to autocracies. 94-5 - What economic problems did Cuba face? Russia/USSR - Lenin ItalyMussolini GermanyHitler USSRStalin ChinaMao Emergence of authoritarian states Conditions in which authoritarian states emerged: economic factors; social division; impact of war; weakness of political system Compare and contrast the methods used to maintain power in two authoritarian states, each from a different region. This policy extended not only to sexual relations and marriage, but to any kind of social relationship at all. -continued to have a relationship Discuss with reference to one authoritarian state. Following a series of planned demonstrations known as the March on Rome, Mussolini was named Prime Minister by the King of Italy. How power was consolidated and maintained; legal methods versus use of force, treatment of opposition, impact of foreign policy. Neysun Mahboubi, a research scholar at the Center for the Study of Contemporary China at the University of Pennsylvania, said on Twitter that Lus comments were totally stupid and that the level of incompetence is just staggering.